Muslim Janazah service, a gentle guide

A Janazah is the funeral prayer of a Muslim community for someone who has died. It is short, communal, and steady. If you are planning one for the first time, or attending as a non-Muslim friend, this page will walk you through what to expect.

The 24-hour timeline

Islamic tradition calls for burial as soon as possible after death, ideally within 24 hours. The reasoning is twofold: respect for the body, and the belief that the soul is in transition and should not be delayed. In the United States this window is sometimes extended slightly to allow for a medical examiner, distant family travel, or weekend logistics.

Embalming is generally not done. Cremation is not permitted. The body is buried in a shroud, often without a casket, though many American cemeteries require a simple casket or grave liner.

Ghusl and the shrouding

Ghusl is the ritual washing of the body, performed by family members or community volunteers of the same gender as the deceased. The body is then wrapped in white cotton sheets called kafan, three pieces for a man and five for a woman.

Most American mosques have a Janazah committee that handles ghusl on call. Our cultural and religious customs resource is a useful starting point for friends of other faiths.

The Janazah prayer itself

The Janazah prayer is short, often only five to ten minutes. It is offered in congregation, usually in the mosque prayer hall or just outside, with the body placed in front of the imam. The community stands shoulder to shoulder. The prayer consists of four takbirs (saying Allahu Akbar), with quiet supplication between each.

After the prayer, the body is carried to the cemetery. Walking behind the procession is considered an act of respect. The body is laid in the grave on its right side, facing Mecca.

What to bring and what not to send

Flowers are not part of Muslim funeral tradition. The most appreciated gestures are food prepared for the grieving family during the three days following burial, a personal visit, and a donation to a charity in the name of the deceased. For more on the printed program if one is being prepared, our funeral program template guide adapts to faith services.

Offering condolences

The Arabic phrase often spoken is "Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un," which means "Verily we belong to God, and verily to Him do we return." If that does not feel natural, "I am so sorry for your loss" in English is always welcome. For more on writing a card afterward, see our piece on sympathy card wording.

Common questions

Why must the burial happen within 24 hours?

Islamic tradition calls for burial as soon as possible after death.

What should I wear to a Janazah?

Modest, clean clothing. Shoes are removed before entering the prayer hall.

Should I send flowers?

Flowers are generally not part of Muslim funeral practice. Prepared food is more appreciated.

Can non-Muslims attend the Janazah prayer?

Yes. Non-Muslim friends and family are welcome to attend.